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注塑加工中产品开裂的原因有哪些?
加工方面
(1)加工压力过大、速度过快、充料愈多、注射、保压时间过长,都会造成内应力过大而开裂。
(2)调节开模速度与压力防止快速强拉制件造成脱模开裂。
(3)适当调高模具温度,使制件易于脱模,适当调低料温防止分解。
(4)预防由于熔接痕,塑料降解造成机械强度变低而出现开裂。
(5)适当使用脱模剂,注意经常消除模面附着的气雾等物质。
(6)制件残余应力,可通过在成型后立即进行退火热处理来消除内应力而减少裂纹的生成。
模具方面
(1)顶出要平衡,如顶杆数量、截面积要足够,脱模斜度要足够,型腔面要足够光滑,这样才防止由于外力导致顶出残余应力集中而开裂。
(2)制件结构不能太薄,过渡部份应尽量采用圆弧过渡,避免尖角、倒角造成应力集中。
(3)尽量少用金属嵌件,以防止嵌件与制件收缩率不同造成内应力加大。
(4)对深底制件应设置适当的脱模进气孔道,防止形成真空负压。
(5)主流道足够大使浇口料未来得及固化时脱模,这样易于脱模。
(6)主流道衬套与喷嘴接合应当防止冷硬料的拖拉而使制件粘在定模上。
材料方面
(1)再生料含量太高,造成制件强度过低。
(2)湿度过大,造成一些塑料与水汽发生化学反应,降低强度而出现顶出开裂。
(3)材料本身不适宜正在加工的环境或质量欠佳,受到污染都会造成开裂。
不同的注塑模具有不同的要求,总结起来,塑料模具对模具钢的性能要求主要体现为:硬度,抛光性,蚀刻性能,焊接性能,耐磨性,韧性,尺寸稳定性,耐腐蚀性能等。
部分型号部分物性表
PP (polypropylene # folding glue | soft /J120M/ Asahi Kasei)
Uses: other
Important beter: melt flow rate: 1 g/10min
Manufacturer: Japan Asahi Chemical Industry Corporation
PP (polypropylene # folding glue | soft /J130M/ Asahi Kasei)
Uses: other
Important beter: melt flow rate: 4 g/10min
Manufacturer: Japan Asahi Chemical Industry Corporation
PP (polypropylene # folding glue | soft /S3440/ Asahi Kasei)
Uses: other
Characteristic note: polyolefin series compound resin
Important beter: melt flow rate: 4 g/10min
Manufacturer: Japan Asahi Chemical Industry Corporation
PP (polypropylene # folding glue | soft /J150C/ Asahi Kasei)
Uses: other
Important beter: melt flow rate: 8 g/10min
Manufacturer: Japan Asahi Chemical Industry Corporation
PP (polypropylene # folding glue | soft) /AMI400N/ India Xincheng
Uses: other
Characteristic remark: impact copolymerization
Important beters: melt flow rate: 40 g/10min notched impact strength: 70 tensile strength: 25.5 MPa, elongation at break: 8% bending modulus: 950 MPa, hot debation temperature: 95 DEG C
Manufacturer: India Reliance Industries Limited
PP (polypropylene # folding glue | soft /147/ DuPont Dow)
Uses: other
Remark: antistatic additive
Important beters: melt flow rate: 3.2 g/10min density: 0.9 g/cm3 notched impact strength: 5.5 tensile strength: 35 MPa, elongation at break: 11% flexural modulus: 1600 MPa VEKA softening point: 157 degrees of hot debation temperature: 121 DEG C
Manufacturer: Dow DuPont Co
PP (polypropylene # folding glue | soft) /S600 powder / Yangzi Petrochemical
Uses: other
Important beter: melt flow rate: 14.25 g/10min tensile strength: 31 MPa
Manufacturer: Sinopec, Yangzi Petrochemical Corporation, Limited by Share Ltd
PP (polypropylene # folding glue | soft) /1101S/ APC of Saudi Arabia
Uses: other
Characteristic note: homopolymer
Important beters: melt flow rate: 24 g/10min density: 0.91 g/cm3 notched impact strength: 2.5 tensile strength: 35 MPa, elongation at break: 50% hardness: 78 VEKA softening point: 154 degrees of hot debation temperature: 85 DEG C
Manufacturer: Advanced Saudi Petrochemical Industries Co
PP (polypropylene # folding glue | soft) /1040N/ Sasol of South Africa
Uses: other
Characteristic note: good rigidity characteristic, high hardness, high heat resistance
Important beters: melt flow rate: 11 g/10min tensile strength: 38 MPa, hot debation temperature: 124 DEG C
Manufacturer: South Africa Sasol company
PP (polypropylene # folding glue | soft) /527K/ SABIC of Saudi Arabia
Uses: other
Characteristic note: all together, heat resistance
Important beters: melt flow rate: 3 g/10min density: 0.905 g/cm3 notched impact strength: 3.2 tensile strength: 35 MPa, elongation at break: 600% flexural modulus: 2200 MPa VEKA softening point: 88 degrees of hot debation temperature: 124 DEG C
Saudi Basic Industries, Inc.
PP (polypropylene # folding glue | soft) /680K/ SABIC of Saudi Arabia
Uses: other
Remark: random copolymerization
Important beters: melt flow rate: 1.7 g/10min density: 0.905 g/cm3 notched impact strength: 22 bending modulus: 1000 MPa, hot debation temperature: 76 DEG C
Saudi Basic Industries, Inc.
PP (polypropylene # folding glue | soft) /3720E/ SABIC of Saudi Arabia
Uses: other
Important beters: melt flow rate: 18 g/10min density: 1.04 g/cm3 molding shrinkage rate: 1.1% notched impact strength: 6 tensile strength: 25 MPa elongation: 45% flexural modulus: 2200 MPa hardness: 71 VEKA softening point of 145 DEG C heat debation temperature: 110 degrees
Saudi Basic Industries, Inc.
PP (polypropylene # folding glue | soft /VNC95-80E-8804/ Vico America)
Uses: other
Important beters: density: 1.36 g/cm3 tensile strength: 18.9 MPa, elongation at break: 270%
Manufacturer: America CVC
PP (polypropylene # folding glue | soft /V143-60I-5841/ Vico America)
Uses: other
Important beters: density: 1.26 g/cm3 tensile strength: 9.2 MPa, elongation at break: 550%
Manufacturer: America CVC
PP (polypropylene # folding glue | soft /V143-70I-7081/ Vico America)
Uses: other
Important beters: melt flow rate: 1.31 g/10min tensile strength: 9.9 MPa, elongation at break: 400%
Manufacturer: America CVC
PP (polypropylene # folding glue | soft /V143-80I-7673/ Vico America)
Uses: other
Important beters: density: 1.32 g/cm3 tensile strength: 10.9 MPa, elongation at break: 690%
Manufacturer: America CVC
PP (polypropylene # folding glue | soft /V143-90E-8798/ Vico America)
Uses: other
Important beters: density: 1.35 g/cm3 tensile strength: 12.5 MPa, elongation at break: 210%
Manufacturer: America CVC
PP (polypropylene # folding glue | soft /ZJM375/ Lotte chemical)
Uses: other
Important beter: melt flow rate: 43.8 g/10min
Manufacturer: Lotte Chemical Corporation of Korea
PP (polypropylene # folding glue | soft /ZJ360/ Lotte chemical)
Uses: other
Important beter: melt flow rate: 16.7 g/10min
Manufacturer: Lotte Chemical Corporation of Korea
PP (polypropylene # folding glue | soft /SF203CF/ borealis)
Uses: other
Feature note: extrusion
Important beters: melt flow rate: 22 g/10min notched impact strength: 11.9 tensile strength: 14 MPa, elongation at break: 15% bending modulus: 400 MPa, hot debation temperature: 52 DEG C
Manufacturer: Nordic Chemical Company Limited

